Investigation And Management Of Water
Pollution Sources In Cameron Highlands,
Malaysia
Author(s)
M. Eisakhani, A. Pauzi, O. Karim & A. Malakahmad
Abstract
The water quality of rivers in Cameron Highlands has deteriorated significantly
due to land clearing for agriculture, excessive usage of pesticides and fertilizers
as well as construction activities in rapidly developing urban areas. It has been
investigated that non-point pollution sources (NPSs) are the main contributor of
this water quality drop. NPSs are diverse and hard to identify and therefore they
are difficult to estimate. Therefore, Geographical Information Systems (GIS) was
used to provide an extensive approach to evaluate land use and other mapping
characteristics to explain the spatial distribution of NPSs of contamination in
Cameron Highlands. The method to assess pollution sources has been developed
using Cameron Highlands Master Plan (2006-2010) for integrating GIS
databases, as well as pollution loads in the area of study. The results show
highest annual runoff is created by forest, 3.56×108 m3/yr followed by urban
development, 1.46×108 m3/yr. Furthermore, urban development causes highest
BOD load (1.31×106 kgBOD/yr) while agricultural activities and forest
contribute the highest annual loads for phosphorus (6.91×104 kgP/yr) and
nitrogen (2.50×105 kgN/yr), respectively. Therefore, Non-structural management
was recommended for the study area, which includes establish and provide
technical advisory services unit, develop demonstration farms and provide
incentives to encourage farmers in implementing sustainable agricultural
management practices.
Keywords: water pollution sources, non-structural management, Cameron
Highlands.
Keywords
water pollution sources, non-structural management, Cameron Highlands
Related Book
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