Wave Amplitude And Frequency Seen At
Explosively Welded Copper/copper Interfaces
Author(s)
G. A. Walsh, O. T. Inal, D. H. Lopez & P. F. Gerity
Abstract
Experiments involving the explosive welding of copper plate to copper plate
were performed using a 22 factorial experimental design with three replicated
center points. Kinetic energy (in the form of charge size) and accelerating
distance (in the form of standoff distance) were the variables. Each variable was
tested at three levels. Responses observed were wave amplitude and wavelength
seen at the weld interface, which were measured using optical microscopy.
Keywords: explosive welding, wave interface response, designed experiment.
1 Introduction
Explosive welding has been used extensively in commercial and military
applications over the past five decades. In essence, it is a fusion welding process
in which an explosively driven plate (the flyer plate) impacts the surface of a
stationary plate (the base plate) with enough energy to create a jetting action,
strip both surfaces clean and create a bond between the two metals [1]. There are
two types of interface which may be exhibited after an explosive weld is
performed: straight and wavy [2]. When properly welded, the weld interface
should be stronger than the weaker material, however, wavy interfaces are
generally considered mechanically superior to straight interfaces, as more surface
area is bonded [2]. However, larger waves are indicative of more energy
delivered to the interface by the flyer plate, and this increase in energy leads to
an increase in temperature at the interface. The temperature generated by the
collision of the two plates may be of sufficient magnitude to cause whole or
partial melting of one or both of the metals at the interface. This can lead to
failure to weld (in the case of melting across the entire surface) or pockets of
trapped molten metal within the weld which cool slowly forming regions of cast
Keywords
explosive welding, wave interface response, designed experiment.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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