Oil Pollution Prevention: Crude Oil
Biodegradation By Isolated Bacterium Of The
Persian Gulf
Author(s)
M. Nassiri Azar & G. Badalians Gholikandi
Abstract
The Persian Gulf is the most strategic waterways in the world due to its
importance in the global oil transportation. Due to the war and high rate of water
evaporation, extended drilling and oil extraction, land-based sources, dumping
from ships and other human activities, water pollution has increased alarmingly.
Many sea birds and other species of marine life have perished because of
millions of tonnes of crude oil entering into the Gulf. The ecosystem is
vulnerable and conservation of its marine environment is highly recommended.
The potential biodegradation of crude oil was assessed based on the
development of a fermentative process with a marine bacterium which has been
isolated from the Persian Gulf. This gram negative, spherical shape bacterium
could degrade 50% of crude oil content and the cell growth curve of it was
drawn on the basis of biomass high amount and its maximum production rate
was determined which was diminished from 60 (before optimization) to 27
hours. It can grow on different carbon sources including crude oil and n-alkanes
and produce biosurfactant which was revealed to be rhamnolipid. The
biosurfactant extracted by special method from M3 medium and pursued by Thin
Layer Chromatography. The outcomes of biomass production by crude oil and nalkanes
were so much different and showed that the hydrocarbon complexity and
configuration plays a significant role in the biodegradation procedure. These
bacteria can be used in environmental risk management by focusing on strategies
to prevent this human made disaster.
Keywords: environmental risk management, human made disaster, oil
biodegradation, marine bacterium, Persian Gulf.
Keywords
environmental risk management, human made disaster, oilbiodegradation, marine bacterium, Persian Gulf
Related Book
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