Comparison Of Different Dumping Methods For
Breakwater Construction
Author(s)
P. Rouault, M. Nehrig, J. Meng & T. Stückrath
Abstract
Breakwaters are essential constructions in coastal engineering for the protection
of coasts, human lives and infrastructure and are key components in port design.
This contribution will focus on rubble mound breakwaters. There are different
methods to construct rubble mound breakwaters by dumping rocks of varying
rock size distribution. The choice of the construction method mainly depends on
the local site conditions, that is the workflow of the construction. In general
practice, a homogenous grain-size distribution of the breakwater core is assumed
and the workflow of the construction is not considered.
In this paper, three different methods of construction are compared, taking
into consideration the actual heterogeneous grain-size distributions in the
breakwater cores as well as the workflow of the construction. These three
methods are:
Land-based construction by dump truck
Sea-borne construction by barges
Sea-borne construction with fall-pipes by barges
The three methods have been examined intensively, experimentally and
theoretically at the Department of Hydraulic Engineering, TU Berlin. The
projects were granted by the German Research Foundation DFG.
A large number of physical experiments were carried out on different scales
with focus on the dumping process and on the resulting grain-size distribution in
the structure’s core.
The falling behaviour of the rocks was investigated in a basin (1 m depth), a
fall-tank (6 m depth) and a special facility with up to 20 m depth. The results
were statistically analysed and compared with numerical simulations which were
developed for these projects. Furthermore, the segregation of the rocks in the
resulting rubble mound core was analysed and statistically evaluated.
In this paper, the three methods are compared by discussing advantages and
disadvantages. Finally, recommendations for designing and dimensioning
breakwaters are given to improve the quality of future coastal structures.
Keywords: rubble mound breakwater, core construction, grain size segregation.
Keywords
rubble mound breakwater, core construction, grain size segregation.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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