A CFD Model Of Hemodynamics In
Hemodialysis Vascular Access
Author(s)
A. Ciandrini, P. G. Walker, M. K. Kolandavel, C. A. Lodi,
R. Galato & S. Cavalcanti
Abstract
Hemodialysis treatment requires a patient’s blood circulation to be connected to
artificial kidney extracorporeal (EC) circulation through a vascular access. In
chronic patients, the vascular access is normally created by an artero-venous
(AVF) fistula, where part of the peripheral arterial blood flows along a venous
vessel. The connection is made by inserting two needles into the venous vessel.
Blood is drawn to the EC along the arterial needle and is returned to the patient
along the venous needle. In this study, we simulated the hemodynamics of
vascular access with particular focus on the region downstream to the venous
needle in order to analyze the influence of return flow (Qb) on blood circulation.
A three dimensional CFD model of vascular access circulation was developed
and various blood flow conditions were simulated. Simulation results predicted a
critical circulation downstream to the needle tip due to the confluence between
the return flow and the access flow. A vortex recirculation was evident in this
region. Vortex extension appeared only for Qb values higher than 40% of the
access flow and was limited to a zone few centimetres from the needle tip in the
downstream direction. CFD simulations allowed a detailed study of the complex
hemodynamics in the vascular access region surrounding the inserted needle
which would otherwise be difficult to measure experimentally.
Keywords: CFD model, hemodialysis, vascular access, vortex flow, shear stress.
Keywords
CFD model, hemodialysis, vascular access, vortex flow, shear stress.
Related Book
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