An Investigation Into Thermal Necrosis Of Bone
Associated With Surgical Procedures
Author(s)
G. Pearce, C. Bainbridge, J. Patrick, K., Kibble, M. Lenz
& G. Jones
Abstract
We present the results of an investigation into thermal bone damage or necrosis
associated with orthopaedic surgical procedures. Thermal necrosis can lead to
infections and pin loosening. It is reported that the critical level at which thermal
necrosis appears is when the bone is exposed to a temperature of around 56°C
over a time of 10 seconds. At this temperature the denaturation point of alkaline
phosphatase is reached, which means that the change in properties are directly
attributed to the reorientation of collagen molecules and hydroxyapatite.
We present data based on the use of pig bone. No human subjects were used
in this study and ethical approval was therefore not necessary.
Drilling was undertaken using an engineering instrument on which the speed
may be adjusted. K-wires of varying diameters were used in this drill assembly.
Bone sections through drilling points were examined in a scanning electron
microscope (SEM). Results are presented in instances where K-wires of different
diameters have been inserted by drilling into bone, for different drilling speeds,
and for different times taken to drill the K-wire into bones. We present data that
indicates that the cooling of bone during surgical procedures may significantly
reduce the degree of thermal necrosis arising during orthopaedic surgical
procedures.
Keywords: bone, trauma, thermal necrosis, injury, K-wires.
1 Introduction
Bone or osseous tissue is a material that can compete with the best steel
reinforced concrete. Roughly one-third of the bone matrix consists of collagen
Keywords
bone, trauma, thermal necrosis, injury, K-wires.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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