Osmolality Control By Inhalation Or
Micro-infusions?
Author(s)
G. Ciofani, A. Landi, D. Mazzei & A. Mazzoldi
Abstract
A model of osmolarity is proposed in this paper. This model represents a typical
example of embedded physiological feedback control in physiology. Extensive
simulation tests with a compartmental approach (using the specific software
SAAM II) have been performed, showing that the model agrees with the findings
published in the literature of endocrine physiology and with medical practice. As
a relevant example of application of the models, the diabetes insipidus pathology
was considered. In the case of central insipidus diabetes, it is possible to predict
effects of a therapy, giving out synthetic ADH (where ADH is the antidiuretic
hormone, the vasopressine) for restoring homeostatic conditions.
Two kinds of therapy were considered: supply by inhalation or by microinfusion.
In the first case, we evaluated the effect of inhalation using a two
compartmental model to describe the effect of commercial drug (minirin, that
means desmopressine acetate), and compared results with data existing in the
literature.
In the second case, the aim was to have a helping tool in the study and
development of micro-infusors with sensors and controllers embedded so as to
be able to release a controlled drug quantity, accorded to the patient and
optimized for avoiding hyper- or ipo-concentrations of plasma ADH hormone.
In this case, we used a mono-compartmental model, considering that the drug
is infused directly in the plasma; results are again compared with data existing in
the literature and with experimental data.
Keywords: compartmental model, osmolality, ADH, total body fluid volume,
central and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, synthetic ADH, minirin,
desmopressine acetate, inhalation, infusors.
Keywords
compartmental model, osmolality, ADH, total body fluid volume,central and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, synthetic ADH, minirin,desmopressine acetate, inhalation, infusors.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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