Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment
Modelling For The Use Of Reclaimed Water In
Irrigated Horticulture
Author(s)
A. J. Hamilton, F. Stagnitti, A.-M. Boland & R. Premier
Abstract
Reuse of treated sewage effluent for the irrigation of horticultural crops is being
propounded and practiced as a means of alleviating pressure on freshwater
resources. Concerns have been raised, however, as to the risk to human health,
primarily disease, associated with this practice. Quantitative Microbial Risk
Assessment (QMRA) is a useful tool for estimating this risk. We describe how
QMRA works and the current state of knowledge of the components of QMRA
models for the horticultural reuse scenario.
Keywords: food-safety, horticulture, pathogen, quantitative microbial risk
assessment, reclaimed water, recycled water, vegetable.
1 Introduction
Increasing human population sizes are placing significant strain on the World’s
freshwater resources. Rivers are becoming polluted, extraction for agricultural
use is substantially reducing flows, and competition for freshwater is
intensifying. Moreover, with the growth of large cities, there is a concomitant
escalation in sewage output, and thus a likely increase in detrimental effects
associated with discharge of effluent to receiving waters. One means of
alleviating such stresses is to reuse wastewater for horticultural irrigation
(Hamilton et al. [1]). But this practice has been approached with a degree of
trepidation, owing primarily to concerns about risks to human health via
contamination of food with pathogenic microorganisms [1]. In theory at least,
such risks can be mitigated through combinations of low- and high-technology
engineering solutions. At the recent Integrated Concepts in Recycled Water
Keywords
food-safety, horticulture, pathogen, quantitative microbial risk
assessment, reclaimed water, recycled water, vegetable.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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