Biodegradation Of Carbaryl And Phthalate
Isomers By Soil Microorganisms
Author(s)
P. S. Phale
Abstract
Pseudomonas sp. strain PP4 and C5 utilize phthalate isomers (o-, m- and p-) and
carbaryl as carbon source, respectively. Degradative pathways were elucidated
by isolating and characterizing metabolites, whole-cell O2 uptake and enzyme
activity studies. Metabolic studies suggest that phthalate isomer degrading
pathways converge at 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid. Phthalate dioxygenases
responsible for the degradation of the respective phthalate isomers are induced
specifically, suggesting that probably there are three different phthalate
dioxygenases. This was supported by whole-cell O2 uptake studies and cells
grown on glucose failed to show the activity of phthalate pathway enzymes.
Glucose-grown cells lost the phthalate degradation property indicating probable
involvement of plasmid, which is expressed and maintained selectively in the
presence of phthalate isomers. The metabolic studies with Pseudomonas sp.
strain C5 suggest that carbaryl is first hydrolyzed to 1-naphthol by carbaryl
hydrolase. Generated 1-naphthol is metabolized via 1,2-dihydroxynaphahtlane,
salicylate and gentisic acid to TCA cycle intermediates, thus serving as the sole
source of carbon and energy. The ability to utilize phthalates (0.3%) and carbaryl
(1%) at high concentrations make these strains suitable candidates for
bioremediation. Detailed understanding of metabolic pathways and genetic
make-up will enable one to modify these strains by genetic engineering tools for
suitable application in bioremediation.
Keywords: Phthalate degradation, Carbaryl metabolism, oxygenases,
bioremediation, pseudomonas.
Keywords
Phthalate degradation, Carbaryl metabolism, oxygenases,
bioremediation, pseudomonas.
Related Book
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