Groundwater History And Trends In Kuwait
Author(s)
E. H. AlAli
Abstract
In Kuwait, one of the GCC countries, natural resources of fresh water are very
limited. Kuwait is situated in an arid coastal region characterized by high
temperatures, low humidity, sparse precipitation rates, and high evaporation and
evapotranspiration rates with no rivers or lakes. Therefore, Kuwait has always
relied on other sources to secure freshwater to meet its growing demands.
Groundwater quality deterioration in Kuwait is caused by two factors: one factor
is the water quality in groundwater fields, where water is extracted for urban use
could be affected by lateral flow of saline water. The other factor is that
declining groundwater levels would accelerate the process of water quality
deterioration. An alternative solution was suggested by the author to overcome
the groundwater quality and quantity. A conceptual design system was
introduced, consisting primarily of utilizing brackish groundwater in conjunction
with treated wastewater augmentation and a reverse osmosis unit. The
economical feasibility of the general conception design system was analyzed.
Keywords: Kuwait, groundwater, water level, water quality deterioration,
conceptual model.
1 Introduction
Kuwait is an arid country with very few natural water resources (Figure 1). The
only water resource in Kuwait with limited natural replenishment is
groundwater. Except for some isolated fresh water lenses in northern Kuwait at
Raudhatain and Umm Al-Aish, the rest of the usable groundwater is mostly
saline, with some brackish zones existing in the southwestern regions. Most of
the brackish groundwater fields are located in the center and western regions of
Kuwait. Abdally in the north and Wafra in the south are farming areas that
depend on groundwater for irrigation. The remaining groundwater in Kuwait is
highly saline with a maximum of total dissolved solids (TDS) of about 200,000
Keywords
Kuwait, groundwater, water level, water quality deterioration,
conceptual model.
Related Book
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