Acute Toxicity Of Lead Nitrate To Red Swamp
Crayfish, Procambarus Clarkii
Author(s)
A. Balarezo & P. B. Tchounwou
Abstract
Red crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, is widely farmed in the southern states of
Louisiana and Texas. It is the most valuable of commercial crayfish species in
the United States, where it is considered a delicacy. In recent years, its
availability has decreased due to environmental contamination by toxic
chemicals including lead. In the present study, we conducted a ninety-six-hour
static renewal bioassay to assess the acute toxicity of lead as Pb(NO3)2 to adult
red swamp crayfish. Study results indicated that Pb(NO3)2 is toxic to P. clarkii,
and its toxicity is both time- and concentration-dependent. The 96-hr LC50 was
computed to be 3.95 g/L. During experimentation, erratic behaviors such as
restlessness, loss of balance, air gulping, and convulsion were observed in leadexposed
crayfish. Findings from this study have provided a scientific basis for
designing subsequent experiments to assess the chronic exposure and biomarkers
of lead-induced toxicity in P. clarkii.
Keywords: red swamp crayfish, lead nitrate, acute toxicity.
1 Introduction
Lead (Pb) is a ubiquitous metal that exists in several oxidation states (0, I, II, and
IV). However, Pb2+ is the most stable, available, and suspected of being
accumulated by aquatic organisms. The overall concentration of Pb in the
continental crust is estimated to be 20 ppm dry matter. It is number 35 most
abundant element in nature. Background levels in the top soil vary between 10
to 70 ppm; levels in surface water are generally bellow 0.01 ppm, but levels up
to 1ppm can be expected inn contaminated areas with soft waters; in ocean water
Keywords
red swamp crayfish, lead nitrate, acute toxicity
Related Book
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