Estimation Of Leakage From The
Freshwater Network In Kuwait
Author(s)
A. Al-Khalid, M. Al-Senafy & E. Azrag
Abstract
The objective of this paper is to assess the extent of fresh water leakage loss in
Kuwait and to recommend to the Ministry of Electricity and Water (MEW) the
steps to be taken for the minimization of this loss. A broad conclusion was made
from the study that water loss through real leakage is not a significant problem in
the Kuwait water distribution system; however, more improvements can be made
to reduce the non-revenue water loss. A preliminary system water balance has
been carried out using available reported data. This water balance indicated that
the real loss in the system is about 5%. An attempt was carried out to validate
leakage levels by investigating night flows and water balances on six DMAs
namely, Al-Sha’ab, Al-Rihab, Al-Qadsiya, Al-Riggae, Al-Shuhada and Al-
Hadiya. Based on the national average of real losses normalized by the ratio of
the local mass balance discrepancy to the national average, the estimates of real
loss (leakage) ranged from 1–12% where as the non revenue water could reach
close to half of the fresh water input. More detailed field leakage detection
surveys and pressure drop tests were carried out on each DMA. The field leakage
detection survey indicated that there was little detectable real leakage except for
Al-Qadsiya DMA. Almost all the leakages found were at the consumer
connection. During the investigation a number of issues were found related to
customer metering such as poor installation details, pumps on the supply pipe
affecting meter readings, and damaged meters. The combined effect of these
issues means that there could be significant meter under registration in the range
of 10–50%. Recommendations are made to reduce the amount of non-revenuewater
(including real losses), to improve the distribution network in general. The
most important recommendation is to investigate and improve the materials and
the practice of installing consumers’ connections as it is the main source of real
Keywords
management, water loss, water balance, night flows
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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