Risk Assessment Of Toxic Cyanobacteria
In Polish Water Bodies
Author(s)
J. Mankiewicz-Boczek, K. Izyorczyk & T. Jurczak
Abstract
Cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins constitute a serious problem for water supply
systems and recreation. The most common in Polish water bodies are
microcystin-producing Cyanobacteria. Polish regulations regarding the quality
of drinking water indicate the limit of 1 µg/l for microcystin-LR. Regulations for
recreational water are addressed through a guideline that the water should only
be inspected visually. Poland’s regulations, unfortunately, do not recommend
any specific standardized methods, equipment or programmes for the risk
assessment resulting from Cyanobacteria exposure. Therefore, this study is
aimed at developing and evaluating a toxicity monitoring programme that would
be based on the early identification of microcystin-producing genera, followed
by examination of their toxic potential and toxicity. The risk of cyanobacterial
blooms was assessed in six eutrophic water bodies located in different regions of
Poland in the summers of 2004 and 2005. The first step of the proposed
monitoring programme included a microscopic analysis of seasonal variation in
phytoplankton composition and measurement of the cyanobacterial biomass.
Then the toxigenic strains of cyanobacteria were determined by amplification of
selected mcy genes in the microcystin biosynthesis pathway using PCR. The
presence of the mcy genes in sampling water were detected at the beginning of
the July, which coincided with a low cyanobacterial biomass (0.1 mg/l). In the
last step, the water samples toxicity and microcystins concentration were
examined by a screening method, called protein phosphatase inhibition assay,
and an analytical method, called high-performance liquid chromatography,
respectively. The greatest concentration of microcystins were found to be 31.22
µg/l (October) and 11.25 µg/l (September) in samples dominated by Planktothrix
agardhii and Microcystis aeruginosa, respectively. Since a relationship between
amplification of mcy genes and production of microcystins was not always
found, it seems to be necessary to use a microscopic analysis and molecular
method in parallel with toxicity analysis for providing more complete
information on the cyanobacterial risk in water.
Keywords: cyanobacteria, toxigenic strains, mcy genes, microcystin, toxicity.
Keywords
cyanobacteria, toxigenic strains, mcy genes, microcystin, toxicity.
Related Book
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