Bioindication Of Microcystins Toxicity By
Germinating Seeds
Author(s)
Z. Romanowska-Duda B., M. Grzesik, J. T. Mankiewicz
& M. Zalewski
Abstract
The effects of microcystins, produced by Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7820, on
seed germination, seedling growth, activity of selected enzymes and membrane
permeability were evaluated, in order to elaborate the biotests for natural solution
toxicity indication in water reservoirs. Commercial seeds of four selected species
were allowed to germinate at 20 o C on filter paper moistened with: (i) water
(control), (ii) three concentrations of microcystins cultures produced by
Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7820 or (iii) medium BG11 in which these cultures
were conducted. To evaluate the sensitivity of these seeds to microcystins the
number of the germinated seeds were counted and the length of roots and
hypocotyls were measured 1, 2 and 3 days after sowing, while activity of RN-ase,
phosphatase (pH 6.0 and pH 7.5), dehydrogenases and electrolyte leakage
were measured after 8 and 24 hours of seed exposition in these compounds. The
results showed that microcystins did not decrease significantly germination
percentage and mean germination time of the tested seeds, except of L. sativa
where the number of the germinated seeds was slightly reduced. A toxic effect of
these solutions was exhibited by decreased root length in all germinated seeds,
while hypocotyls length was not significantly affected by them. Microcystins
also decreased the activity of the investigated enzymes and increased electrolyte
leakage measured 8 and 24 hours after sowing. The research showed that growth
of roots and activity of RN-ase, phosphatase (pH 6.0 and pH 7.5) or
dehydrogenases, as well as electrolyte leakage from germinating seeds of
selected species could be used for fast monitoring of the microcystin toxicity in
water.
Keywords: germination, microcystins, monitoring, toxicity, seeds, Sinapis alba,
Cardamine sp., Lactuca sativa, Sorghum saccharatum.
Keywords
germination, microcystins, monitoring, toxicity, seeds, Sinapis alba,
Cardamine sp., Lactuca sativa, Sorghum saccharatum.
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