Application Of Weak-acid Cation Softener In
Radium Removal From Ground Water
Author(s)
A. S. Al-Hobaib & Q. K. Al-Jaseem
Abstract
A pilot scale ion exchange unit, based on a single-bed weak-acid cation
exchange resin, was designed and tested in the field to remove combined radium
from raw ground water where radium content exceeds the national regulation
limits set for radium in drinking water. The resin could efficiently perform 10
resin exhaustion–regeneration cycles, with an effluent/waste ratio of about 138 in
each cycle, before 5 pCi/L radium breakthrough. Simultaneous reduction in the
total hardness and total dissolved salts was also observed. The waste brine could
be environmentally reclaimed. Based upon the obtained results, some
conclusions and recommendations are drawn.
Keywords: weak-acid cation-exchanger, softener, radium removal, water
treatment.
1 Introduction
Radium is an alkaline earth metal of high radiotoxicity and commonly found in
ground water as divalent cation. The chemical behaviour of radium is similar to
that of calcium and magnesium, the principal components of hardness. Thus,
processes that are used to soften hard water are useful for removing radium from
drinking water. According to the national and American regulations [1, 2],
naturally occurring radium exceeds the maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 3
pCi/L for 226Ra and 5 pCi/L for combined radium (226Ra + 228Ra) is reported in
some counties of the central province of Saudi Arabia [3]. Activity concentration
up to 3.1 and 4.8 Bq/L of 226Ra and 228Ra, respectively, were found, depending
upon the well depth. Several habitation sites are randomly dispersed in these
counties, including big cities, small towns, villages and minor communities.
Keywords
weak-acid cation-exchanger, softener, radium removal, water
treatment.
Related Book
Other papers in this volume
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